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Clermontia waimeae

Rock (1913)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Clermontia

‘ōhā [oha], ‘ōhā wai [oha wai], hāhā [haha]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or trees, 1–7 m tall, terrestrial or epiphytic.

Stems: Stems branched repeatedly, spreading, light gray or light brown, glabrous or rarely pubescent, with numerous helically arranged leaf scars near apex, pith solid, latex white, viscous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblong, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 5–15 cm long, 2–5.5 cm wide. Apex obtuse, acute, acuminate, or rarely cuspidate. Base cuneate. Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces glabrous or pubescent; lamina chartaceous, dull; upper surfaces green; lower surfaces light green. Margins callose–crenulate. Petioles 1–5 cm long, glabrous or pubescent. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences 2(–5)–flowered, glabrous or pubescent; peduncle 0.8–3 cm long, spreading, bibracteate near apex; pedicels 0.5–1.8 cm long, spreading, bibracteolate at or below middle. Flowers bisexual (perfect), epigynous, zygomorphic, resupinate, protandrous. Hypanthium 0.8–1.2 mm long, 0.6–1 cm in diameter, hemispheric, obconic, or oblong, glabrous or pubescent. Calyx lobes 0.3–2.5 cm long, 0.5–3 mm wide, triangular or narrowly triangular; apex acute or acuminate. Corolla 3–4 cm long, bilabiate, dark purple on the lobes, greenish on the tube, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; tube 1.1–2 cm long, 4–6 mm in diameter, suberect; lobes 1.6–2.4 cm long, 2–3 mm wide, spreading. Stamens 5, syngenesious, alternate with the corolla lobes, staminal column exserted, suberect; anthers connate, dithecal, opening introrsely by longitudinal slits, purple, the 3 dorsal ones a little longer than the 2 ventral ones, the latter with tufts of stiff white trichomes at apex, otherwise glabrous, or sometimes pubescent along the sutures, rarely so on the surfaces, the tube 1–1.2 cm long, 3–4 mm in diameter, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; filaments connate above, free from the corolla, 2.5–3 cm long, purple, glabrous. Pollen tricolporate, prolate, ellipsoidal. Ovary inferior, 2-carpellate, 2-loculed; ovule placentation axile, placentae large; style slender, terete (cylindrical), with a ring of stiff white hairs near apex; stigma 2-lobed, the lobes appressed and non–receptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out pollen, after which the stigmas spread and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries 2–2.5 cm long; 2–2.5 cm in diameter; orange; subglobose. Seeds numerous; tiny; dark brown or black; minutely foveate–reticulate; shiny; with a straight; short to spatulate dicotyledonous embryo embedded in oily endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Montane bogs; rain forests; and cloud forests.

Elevation Range: 1070–1520 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Coll. Hawaii Publ. Bull. 2: 40 (1913)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:437 (H); Lammers 1991:22 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On outer slopes of pu`u. In disturbed Metrosideros forest with Coprosma, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, and ferns. Preserved_Specimen Rare shrub, rooted in `ohi`a buttress. Corolla lobes purple inside, corolla tube and exterior of lobes green. Fruit green and yellow-orange. Height 8', spread 10'. Davis, J. 722 Hawaii BISH 1982-04-09
2 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest, Sphagnum, Ilex, Metrosideros, Gouldia, Stenogyne, Gunnera, Vaccinium, Cheirodendron, Broussaisia Preserved_Specimen to 6' shrub; flowers reddish-purple Gustafson, R. 2425 Hawaii BISH 1981-07-23
3 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on Sadleria Preserved_Specimen epiphyte; to 4' shrub; flowers purple Carlquist, S. 1867 Hawaii BISH 1966-06-25
4 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory Preserved_Specimen 10 cm. Bd; 5 m. tall; 2 ft. bole Stemmermann, R.L. 4000 Hawaii BISH 1979-08-03
5 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory Preserved_Specimen 10 cm. Bd; 5 m. tall; 2 ft. bole Stemmermann, R.L. 4000 Hawaii BISH 1979-08-03
6 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rock Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1961-05-07
7 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen mature flowers, corolla = calyx, perianth 1.25-1.5 in. Gillett, G.W. 1708 Hawaii BISH 1965-02-01
8 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 10 cm diam.; 3 m tall; 7 m wide; numerous branches. Epiphytic 2 m. up on large Metrosideros. Calyx lobes lt green, narrow; corolla lobes split to hypanthium, purple inside, light green outside; mature fruit orange-yellow. Prominent leaf & petioles scars on stem. Warshauer, F.R. 2469 Hawaii BISH 1979-07-30
9 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Metrosideros-Cibotium spp.-Cheirodenron montane wet forest with Coprosma, Ilex, Broussaisia, Rubus hawaiensis, Melicope clusiifolia, Sadleria, Dryopteris wallichiana, Vaccinium, Clermontia kohalae. Preserved_Specimen Locally abundant, large plants 15 ft ht with flowers and buds. Perlman, S. 15104 Hawaii BISH 1995-10-18
10 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flowers green outside, purple inside. Fruit yellow-orange Davis, J. 722 Hawaii BISH 1982-04-09
11 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 25734 Hawaii BISH 1957-03-20
12 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 611231031 Hawaii BISH 1961-12-31
13 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
14 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1910-07-01
15 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
16 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree 25 ft. tall; corolla yellowish white below, above deep purple, lobes cleft 1/2 way to base. St.John, H. 11500 Hawaii BISH 1932-01-02
17 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 25733 Hawaii BISH 1957-03-20
18 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4796 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
19 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1910-07-01
20 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4793 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
21 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1910-07-01
22 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4756 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-13
23 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 25735 Hawaii BISH 1957-03-01
24 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
25 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1961-05-07
26 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
27 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8847 Hawaii BISH 1920-07-01
28 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1909-07-13
29 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 10 cm diam.; 3 m tall; 7 m wide; numerous branches. Epiphytic 2 m. up on large Metrosideros. Calyx lobes lt green, narrow; corolla lobes split to hypanthium, purple inside, light green outside; mature fruit orange-yellow. Prominent leaf & petioles scars on stem. Warshauer, F.R. 2469 Hawaii BISH 1979-07-30
30 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On outer slopes of pu`u. In disturbed Metrosideros forest with Coprosma, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, and ferns. Preserved_Specimen Rare shrub, rooted in `ohi`a buttress. Corolla lobes purple inside, corolla tube and exterior of lobes green. Fruit green and yellow-orange. Height 8', spread 10'. Davis, J. 722 Hawaii BISH 1982-04-09
31 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen 1 m sprawling, branched shrub; hypanthium and calyx lobes green; corolla dark black-purple inside, outside dark black-purple on the lobes, shading to greenish on the tube Lammers, T.G. 5752 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-23
32 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 25671 Hawaii BISH 1910-07-01
33 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1910-07-01
34 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1910-07-01
35 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4793 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
36 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1910-07-01
37 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4794 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
38 Clermontia waimeae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4793 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-12
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